A key aspect of this report is a first-ever global stocktake of variable renewable energy (VRE) integration measures across 50 power systems, which account for nearly 90% of global solar photovoltaics (PV) and wind power generation. This analysis identifies proven measures for facilitating VRE integration, particularly in systems at early phases of adoption. This report also updates IEA's phases of VRE integration framework to reflect emerging challenges at higher levels of VRE penetration and provides an overview of solutions to address them that are already beginning to be implemented in several countries. This report emphasises that while systems at early phases of VRE integration can accelerate deployment with relatively low system impact, those in high phases face more complex challenges related to stability and flexibility, which call for a transformation of how power systems are operated, planned and financed.
This report calls for strategic government action, enhanced infrastructure, and regulatory reforms to ensure the successful large-scale integration of solar PV and wind in order to meet global energy transition targets. Robust data, stakeholder collaboration and government prioritisation of integration measures are essential for overcoming these challenges and achieving a sustainable energy future.
Integrating Solar and Wind – Analysis - IEA
