Publications Archives

2026-05-07

23rd ERRA Annual Conference Newsletter

The ERRA Annual Conference brought together national energy regulators, utility leaders, investors, top-tier consultants, and academics for high-level dialogue on the evolving landscape of energy markets. The event fostered strategic discussions and regulatory insights that help shape the future of the sector. The conference overarching theme was Transforming Energy Policies – Adapting Energy Regulation and the agenda analysed both the electricity and gas sectors of today.

2026-04-06

ERRA Regulatory Story No. 18: When a Dominant EV Operator Squeezes the Market: Case Study of Italy

The Italian Competition Authority (AGCM) imposed in July 2025 the first antitrust sanction in the European EV charging sector against Enel X (Ruling 31646). This Regulatory Story provides a concise legal and regulatory analysis of the AGCM decision, together with the European context that gives the AGCM ruling its wider significance and its implications for energy EU NRAs operating under the AFIR (Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation) framework.

2026-03-06

Eurelectric Position Paper: Distributed Flexibility Report | Podcast

This inaugural episode of ERRA’s Energy Regulatory Podcast features host Luca Lo Schiavo engaging with Ivan Faucheux, Commissioner at the French Energy Regulatory Commission (CRE), for a detailed discussion on CRE’s recent analysis of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) and Advanced Modular Reactors (AMRs).

2026-03-02

ERRA Regulatory Story of the Quarter: ERO’s Redesign of the Renewable Energy Operator for a Sustainable Support Mechanism

Ukraine’s energy sector has rapidly transformed as the war revealed structural weaknesses and prompted urgent regulatory reforms. The regulator, together with the Ministry, introduced a modern regulatory framework for energy storage, recognising flexibility as a vital component of system security rather than a long-term goal. The Energy Storage Facilities Law and subsequent NEURC regulations formalised storage as an independent market participant with full access to wholesale markets, offering investors much-needed legal certainty during a time of significant system stress.

2026-02-20

Research Paper: Implementation of Scarcity Pricing Mechanisms in Select EU Countries

This paper compares scarcity pricing designs across selected EU countries and their role in supporting system adequacy in power markets with growing renewables, including interactions with capacity mechanisms.

2026-01-16

ARERA’S Investigation on Economic withholding in the Italian Day-Ahead Electricity Market (2023-2024)

This paper by Luca Lo Schiavo analyzes the fact-finding investigation of the Italian regulatory Authority (ARERA) into economic generation capacity withholding in Italy's day-ahead electricity market, examining its methodology, findings, and the resulting controversy with the generation operator.

2025-12-23

ERRA 25th Anniversary Podcast | Independence of the Regulator

This segment from ERRA's 25th Anniversary is a reflective, high-level discussion on how energy regulation has fundamentally changed over the past 25 years, why it has become more complex, and what this means for regulators going forward. It contrasts the early era of liberalization with today’s realities of decarbonization, electrification, geopolitics, digitalization, and renewed state involvement.

2025-12-23

ERRA 25th Anniversary Podcast | Transformation in Regulating Energy Over the Last 25 Years

This segment of ERRA's 25th Anniversary Podcast features Luca Lo Schiavo, ERRA's Senior Regulatory Specialist discussing Transformation in Regulating Energy Over the Last 25 Years with Jorge Vasconcelos, Chairman of the New Energy Solutions (NEWES), Portugal.

2025-12-18

ERRA Paper: From Net Metering to Net Billing: Ensuring Fair Tariffs in the Age of Prosumers

This paper examines the regulatory shift from net metering to net billing, drawing on comparative experiences from Italy, Kosovo*, and Georgia. It places Georgia’s 2023 reform within this broader European context, emphasising both its alignment with EU principles and the remaining steps needed to fully integrate prosumers into the market.