Publications Archives

2025-12-23

ERRA 25th Anniversary Podcast | Independence of the Regulator

This segment from ERRA's 25th Anniversary is a reflective, high-level discussion on how energy regulation has fundamentally changed over the past 25 years, why it has become more complex, and what this means for regulators going forward. It contrasts the early era of liberalization with today’s realities of decarbonization, electrification, geopolitics, digitalization, and renewed state involvement.

2025-12-23

ERRA 25th Anniversary Podcast | Transformation in Regulating Energy Over the Last 25 Years

This segment of ERRA's 25th Anniversary Podcast features Luca Lo Schiavo, ERRA's Senior Regulatory Specialist discussing Transformation in Regulating Energy Over the Last 25 Years with Jorge Vasconcelos, Chairman of the New Energy Solutions (NEWES), Portugal.

2025-12-18

ERRA Paper: From Net Metering to Net Billing: Ensuring Fair Tariffs in the Age of Prosumers

This paper examines the regulatory shift from net metering to net billing, drawing on comparative experiences from Italy, Kosovo*, and Georgia. It places Georgia’s 2023 reform within this broader European context, emphasising both its alignment with EU principles and the remaining steps needed to fully integrate prosumers into the market.

2025-12-12

Nuclear: Small/ Advanced Modular Reactors | Podcast

This inaugural episode of ERRA’s Energy Regulatory Podcast features host Luca Lo Schiavo engaging with Ivan Faucheux, Commissioner at the French Energy Regulatory Commission (CRE), for a detailed discussion on CRE’s recent analysis of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) and Advanced Modular Reactors (AMRs).

2025-12-04

Eurelectric Position Paper: Distributed Flexibility Report

This Eurelectric's report focuses specifically on Flexibility for Distribution Grid Needs, as per the newest proposal of ENTSO-E and EU DSO Entity on the methodology for assessing flexibility needs that ACER approved in August 2025.

2025-12-02

ERRA Regulatory Story of the Quarter: The Evolution of the Battery Energy Storage Systems in Ukraine

Ukraine’s energy sector has rapidly transformed as the war revealed structural weaknesses and prompted urgent regulatory reforms. The regulator, together with the Ministry, introduced a modern regulatory framework for energy storage, recognising flexibility as a vital component of system security rather than a long-term goal. The Energy Storage Facilities Law and subsequent NEURC regulations formalised storage as an independent market participant with full access to wholesale markets, offering investors much-needed legal certainty during a time of significant system stress.

2025-11-04

Blackout in Spain – First Regulatory Considerations | Presentations & Recording

On April 28th, 2025, the whole Iberic Peninsula (Spain and Portugal) experienced its most severe blackout in history. Based on currently available research, it wasn't an excess of renewables that caused the collapse—it was the delay to integrate it properly through a modern regulation.

2025-10-30

Summary of ERRA Workshop on Renewable Collective Self-Consumption and Energy Communities 2025

The Energy Regulators Regional Association Workshop on Renewable Collective Self-Consumption and Energy Communities, held on 14 October 2025 and hosted by the Energy Market Regulatory Authority of Türkiye, offered a comprehensive platform to explore how collective energy initiatives can transform power systems towards greater decentralisation, flexibility, and citizen engagement.

2025-09-16

CRE France Report: Integration of Small Modular Reactors (SMR/AMR) into Energy Systems (available only in French language)

The Report is prepared by the Energy Regulatory Commission (CRE) on the integration of small modular reactors (SMR/AMR) into energy systems. It highlights that advanced small modular reactors (AMRs) show promise in terms of innovation and diversity of use, particularly those that produce heat at temperatures above 300°C.